Perlindungan Web Dan Redirect HTTPS Pada Website

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Perlindungan Web Dan Redirect HTTPS Pada Website

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Implementasi file .htaccess menjadi penting untuk melindungi website yang kita kembangkan. Termasuk untuk redirect ke protokol secure https. Secara teknis, file .htaccess ini adalah fill text ASCII yang sederhana. Biasanya file .htaccess ini terletak pada root directory. File .htaccess adalah file konfigurasi yang ada pada web server Apache. file .htaccess ini digunakan untuk mengubah-ubah default setting dari Apache itu sendiri.

Peringatan: Baca secara teliti! Pada beberapa server pengaturan yang salah akan menyebabkan 500 page errors. Teliti satu per satu untuk rule atau bagian mana yang menyebabkan error untuk itu perlu dilakukan uji coba.

########## Begin - RewriteEngine enabled
RewriteEngine On
########## End

########## Begin - No directory listings
IndexIgnore *
########## End

########## Begin - File execution order
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
########## End

########## Begin - ETag Optimization
## This rule will create an ETag for files based only on the modification
## timestamp and their size. This works wonders if you are using rsync'ed
## servers, where the inode number of identical files differs.
## Note: It may cause problems on your server and you may need to remove it
FileETag MTime Size
########## End

Membatasi Aplikasi

 
########## Begin - Common hacking tools and bandwidth hoggers block
# This line also disables Akeeba Remote Control 2.5 and earlier
SetEnvIf user-agent "Indy Library" stayout=1
# WARNING: Disabling wget will also block the most common method for
# running CRON jobs. Remove if you have issues with CRON jobs.
SetEnvIf user-agent "Wget" stayout=1
# The following rules are for bandwidth-hogging download tools
SetEnvIf user-agent "libwww-perl" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "Download Demon" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "GetRight" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "GetWeb!" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "Go!Zilla" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "Go-Ahead-Got-It" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "GrabNet" stayout=1
SetEnvIf user-agent "TurnitinBot" stayout=1
# This line denies access to all of the above tools
deny from env=stayout
########## End

Perlindungan SQL Injeksi

########## Begin - SQL Injection
# Block suspicious request methods
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} ^(HEAD|TRACE|DELETE|TRACK|DEBUG) [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [F,L]

# Block MySQL injections, RFI, base64, etc.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=http:// [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=(\.\.//?)+ [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=/([a-z0-9_.]//?)+ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=http%3A%2F%2F [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} \=PHP[0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12} [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\.\./|\.\.) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} boot\.ini [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} tag\=     [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ftp\: [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} http\: [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} https\: [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} \=\|w\| [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)/self/(.*)$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(.*)cPath=http://(.*)$ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} mosConfig [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} mosConfig_[a-zA-Z_]{1,21}(=|\%3D) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} proc/self/environ [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\<|%3C).*script.*(\>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|%3C)([^s]*s)+cript.*(>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\<|%3C).*iframe.*(\>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|%3C)([^i]*i)+frame.*(>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (\<|<).*script.*(\>|>) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (\<|<).*iframe.*(\>|>) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(\[|\]|\(|\)|<|>|'|"|;|\?|\*).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(%22|%27|%3C|%3E|%5C|%7B|%7C).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(%0|%A|%B|%C|%D|%E|%F|127\.0).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(globals|encode|config|localhost|loopback).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} base64_encode.*\(.*\) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} base64_(en|de)code[^(]*\([^)]*\) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} _REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(\[|\]|\(|\)|<|>).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (NULL|OUTFILE|LOAD_FILE) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\./|\../|\.../)+(motd|etc|bin) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (localhost|loopback|127\.0\.0\.1) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|>|'|%0A|%0D|%27|%3C|%3E|%00) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} alert[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} confirm[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} prompt[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} concat[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} group_concat[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} concat_ws[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} extractvalue[^\(]*\( [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} union([^s]*s)+elect [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} union([^a]*a)+ll([^s]*s)+elect [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} union([^d]*d)+istinct([^s]*s)+elect [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} union([^d]*d)+istinctROW([^s]*s)+elect [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (.*)(union|%|\*|\(|\)|\+|select|<|>|0x|/|\\|,|;|'|"|\[|\]|and|by|{|})(.*) [NC]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(;|<|>|’|”|\)|&#x0A;|&#x0D;|&#x22;|&#x27;|&#x3C;|&#x3E;|&#x00;|'|"|%0A|%0D|%22|%27|%3C|%3E|%00).*(/\*|union|select|substring|substr|strcmp|unhex|uncompress|column_name|information_schema|schema_privileges|privilege_type|is_grantable|table_schema|table_name|insert|drop|delete|update|cast|create|char|convert|alter|declare|order|script|set|md5|benchmark|encode|Select_priv|Insert_priv|Update_priv|Delete_priv|Create_priv|Drop_priv|Reload_priv|Shutdown_priv|Process_priv|File_priv|Grant_priv|References_priv|Index_priv|Alter_priv|Show_db_priv|Super_priv|Create_tmp_table_priv|Lock_tables_priv|Execute_priv|Repl_slave_priv|Repl_client_priv|privileges|system_user|meta|truncate|exec|load_file|outfile|file_priv).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [^a-z](union|select|substring|substr|strcmp|unhex|uncompress|column_name|information_schema|schema_privileges|privilege_type|is_grantable|table_schema|table_name|insert|drop|delete|update|cast|create|char|convert|alter|declare|order|script|set|md5|benchmark|encode|Select_priv|Insert_priv|Update_priv|Delete_priv|Create_priv|Drop_priv|Reload_priv|Shutdown_priv|Process_priv|File_priv|Grant_priv|References_priv|Index_priv|Alter_priv|Show_db_priv|Super_priv|Create_tmp_table_priv|Lock_tables_priv|Execute_priv|Repl_slave_priv|Repl_client_priv|privileges|system_user|meta|truncate|exec|load_file|outfile|file_priv)[^a-z][NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^.*(<|>|’|&#x0A;|&#x0D;|&#x27;|&#x3C;|&#x3E;|&#x00;).* [NC]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (sp_executesql) [NC]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} proc\/self\/environ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(%2d|\-)[^=]+$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [F,L]

# PHP-CGI Vulnerability
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^(%2d|\-)[^=]+$ [NC,OR]

#proc/self/environ? no way!
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} proc\/self\/environ [NC,OR]

RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (sp_executesql) [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [F,L]
########## End

Perlindungan Terhadap Aplikasi Hacking

# Block Web Security Scanners from Scanning your website
RewriteEngine On
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^w3af.sourceforge.net [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} dirbuster [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} nikto [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} SF [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} sqlmap [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} fimap [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} nessus [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} whatweb [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} Openvas [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} jbrofuzz [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} libwhisker [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} webshag [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} havij [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} netsparker [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} w3af [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} nmap [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} mysqloit [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Acunetix-Product} ^WVS
RewriteRule ^.* https://www.google.com.vn/ [R=301,L]
</IfModule>

########## Begin - Block suspicious user agents and requests
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^(java|curl|wget).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner|havij|netsparker|w3af|nmap|mysqloit).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(libwww-perl|curl|wget|python|nikto|scan).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(<|>|’|&#x0A;|&#x0D;|&#x27;|&#x3C;|&#x3E;|&#x00;).* [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (libwww-perl|wget|python|nikto|curl|scan|java|winhttp|clshttp|loader) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (<|>|'|%0A|%0D|%27|%3C|%3E|%00) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (;|<|>|'|"|\)|\(|%0A|%0D|%22|%27|%28|%3C|%3E|%00).*(libwww-perl|wget|python|nikto|curl|scan|java|winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner|havij|netsparker|w3af|nmap|mysqloit) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} \?\ HTTP/ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} \/\*\ HTTP/ [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} etc/passwd [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} cgi-bin [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} (%0A|%0D) [NC,OR]
########## End

########## Begin - Block WP timthumb hack
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (timthumb\.php|phpthumb\.php|thumb\.php|thumbs\.php) [NC]
RewriteRule . - [S=1]
########## End

Melindungi file .htaccess

########## Deny access to .htaccess
<Files .htaccess>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
</Files>
########## End

Mematikan fitur http track dan trace

########## Disable HTTP Track & Trace
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} ^(TRACE|TRACK)
RewriteRule .* - [F]
########## End

########## Enable HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)
Header set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
########## End

Lindungi Bandwidth Untuk File Kompresi

########## enable GZip compression for Files to save site’s bandwidth
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/html
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript
	AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
</IfModule>
########## End

Block Bad User Agents

########## Block bad user agents
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^BlackWidow [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Bot\ mailto:[email protected] [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ChinaClaw [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Custo [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^DISCo [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Download\ Demon [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^eCatch [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EirGrabber [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EmailSiphon [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EmailWolf [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Express\ WebPictures [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ExtractorPro [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^EyeNetIE [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^FlashGet [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GetRight [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GetWeb! [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Go!Zilla [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Go-Ahead-Got-It [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^GrabNet [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Grafula [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^HMView [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} HTTrack [NC,OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Image\ Stripper [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Image\ Sucker [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} Indy\ Library [NC,OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^InterGET [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Internet\ Ninja [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^JetCar [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^JOC\ Web\ Spider [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^larbin [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^LeechFTP [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mass\ Downloader [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^MIDown\ tool [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Mister\ PiX [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Navroad [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NearSite [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetAnts [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetSpider [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Net\ Vampire [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^NetZIP [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Octopus [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Offline\ Explorer [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Offline\ Navigator [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^PageGrabber [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Papa\ Foto [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^pavuk [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^pcBrowser [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^RealDownload [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ReGet [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SiteSnagger [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SmartDownload [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SuperBot [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^SuperHTTP [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Surfbot [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^tAkeOut [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Teleport\ Pro [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^VoidEYE [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Web\ Image\ Collector [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Web\ Sucker [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebAuto [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebCopier [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebFetch [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebGo\ IS [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebLeacher [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebReaper [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebSauger [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Website\ eXtractor [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Website\ Quester [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebStripper [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebWhacker [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WebZIP [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Widow [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^WWWOFFLE [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Xaldon\ WebSpider [OR]
 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Zeus
########## End

Redirect https

##########  redirect https
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !on 
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/[0-9]+\..+\.cpaneldcv$ 
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/pki-validation/[A-F0-9]{32}\.txt(?:\ Comodo\ DCV)?$ 
RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
########## End

Redirect https Spesifik Folder

##########  redirect https spesific folder
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/[0-9]+\..+\.cpaneldcv$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/pki-validation/[A-F0-9]{32}\.txt(?:\ Comodo\ DCV)?$
RewriteEngine On 
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80 
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} <i>folder</i>
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://<i>www.example.com/folder</i>/$1 [R=301,L]
########## End
Instalasi PHP 8.1 Pada Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04
CISA, FBI, dan NSA Terbitkan Panduan Bersama dan Pemindai Kerentanan Log4j

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